Dependency theory, an approach to understanding economic underdevelopment that emphasizes the putative constraints imposed by the global political and economic order. According to valenzuela and valenzuela, the modernization perspective is behavioral, or microsociological. Modernization theory the third world countries have experienced massive variation in the economic development since after the end of second world war. Development theory dependency and world systems theories. Modernization versus dependency in the context of colonial bengal. Modernization theory is a description, explanation, and account of the way of traditional and under. Bengal suggests that the assumptions of the dependency theory have greater. The modernization theory puts the most emphasis on economic development social and cultural change, and political stability. Modernity is defined as a condition of social existence that is significantly different to all past forms of human experience, while modernization refers to the transitional process of moving from traditional or primitive communities to modern societies. Modernization theory an explanation for global stratification that asserts that technological and cultural differences between nations serves as the basis of global stratification. Modernization theory stresses not only the process of change but also the responses to that change. Aug 31, 2015 modernization theory and dependency theory are two development theories between which some difference can be identified.
How to compare and contrast the modernization theory and. What is the difference between modernization theory and. Dependency theory differs from modernization theory by. Compare and contrast modernization and dependency theories. Page 1 of 11 modernisation and dependency are theories which specify the concept. This essay discussed about the major differences between modernization and dependency theories, and their impact on the developing nations.
Dependency theory is a mixture of various theories, including world systems theory, historical structure theory, and neomarxist theory. Andre gunder frank proposed the notion of the development of underdevelopment to explain how certain kinds of hierarchical. Two methodological similarities may be noted at the outset. Modernization theory is a description, explanation, and account of the way of traditional and under established or underdeveloped societies.
Major assumptions 1 8 9 34 chapter ii dependency theory 35 71. A critique of modernization and dependency theories in africa. Modernization theory is a hypothesis used to clarify the procedure of modernization that a country experiences as it. Modernization and dependency theory 1563 words 7 pages. Instead placing emphasis on state led development as a mechanism for wealth redistribution. The dependency theory claims that this is how underdevelopment was created and is. Neomarxists did not dispute this changed emphasis on the meaning of development though questioning whether it was achievable.
I highlighted what i think are key points modernization theory is used to explain the p. Mcclelland, hagen, lerner, inkles modernization theory. Indeed, they both have something different to say or more or less to say about the highlighted issues. Modernization vs dependency theory country development. Modernization theory v dependency theory flashcards quizlet. Dependency and worldsystems perspectives on development. Modernization theory both attempts to identify the social variables that contribute to social progress and development of societies and seeks to explain the process of social evolution.
Difference between modernization theory and dependency. What is the modernization theory and the dependency theory. According to fostercarter 1973, there are three main differences between the. Dependency theory states that a dependent economy yields or brings social inequality, which in turn can lead to political authoritarianism.
The next section will discuss an alternative theory of development, which is dependence theory. Important differences between modernization theory and. When it comes to a solution to the problem, it is right to say that the contexts of countries are different and the solutions for their economic and development problems should be different. In the study of latin america, the dependency theory and the modernization theory are one of the most significant theories that helps us analyze and understanding the traditional stages of latin america. Any differences between male and female absorption into this process are seen as a. What is the difference between dependency theory and world. Modernizationtheoryanddependencytheory modernization. Collectively, these theories contrast modernization. Modernisation and dependency repub, erasmus university. There are many similarities and many differences between.
Dependency theory emerged to contest modernization theory, which contended that development would diffuse from the developed to the underdeveloped societies by means of certain kinds of contact between the two. Modernization and dependency theory essay writing blog. Modernization and dependency theory by lizzette flores on. Dependency theory a theory that explains global inequalities with respect to historical oppression. The modernization theory, becoming popular in the 1950s, was a description and explanation of the processes of the transformation from what was considered underdeveloped. They, too, rejected the modernization school, but looked to historicallygrounded analysis of political economy hulme, 1997. The three theories are modernization, dependency and the world system theory. Introduction dependency theory, as a theory that purports to explain the related conditions of economic development and the lack of, and evident need for it, in the countries of the periphery, or third worlda condition that some dependistas theorists of dependency refer to as underdevelopmenthas. Naturally, this fact determined the principal difference between these theories, but, nevertheless, there are still certain similarities between. The distinction between the traditional and the modern became the hallmark of modernisation theory. Modernization theory claimed that once developing societies came into contact. Modernization and dependency theory tutorial sophia learning. The modernization and dependency theories will explain some of our world socioeconomic differences between the developing and developed countries. Thus, standard liberal theory sees women and development as part of an overall process of modernization technology, the movement from a subsistence to a cash economy, and the development of complex organizations that increase the need for labor mobility.
The dependency and worldsystems perspectives on development were very influential among radical development theorists from the late. I think the wikis for dependency theory and worldsystems theory are a good start to understand the similarities and differences i think one way to understand the two is to look at the historical and temporal contexts of their development. Modernization theory and early dependency theory modernization and dependency theories are some of the theories developed in an attempt to explain the relationship between countries and the inequalities between underdeveloped and developed countries. Chapter i modernization theory structuralfunctionalism and modernization. Comparison and contrast between modernisation theory and dependency theory. Currently, modernization and dependency theories are the two worldwide accepted speculations illuminating the diversification in the economic growth of these countries. Modernization and dependency theory nowadays the rapid development of the word and the growing integration of countries can hardly fail to affect the development of new theories which attempt to explain the relationship between countries and the existing inequality between developed countries and countries of the third world. Dependency theory assumes that human behavior in economic matters is a constant. Compare and contrast dependency and modernisation theories. Dependency theory highlights that due to colonial and postcolonial endeavors the countries at the periphery are constantly exploited by those at the core. Compare and contrast modernization and dependency theories of development. In fact it has been noticed that the major differences between the modernization theory and dependency theory exist from the origin of the dependency theory itself which have been created in response to the modernization theory theory, dependency theory v.
Differences between modernization theory and dependency theory 4. In terms of their specific development in the 1960s onwards, dependency and worldsystems theories emerged in part out of a critique of modernization theory. In this regard, it is possible to distinguish the modernization and dependency theories. Comparison, contrasts and similarities between the. Modernization theory essays and research papers studymode. Modernization theory studies the process of social evolution and the development of. Compare and contrast modernisation theory and dependency theory. The dependency theory is an important tool for understanding latin americas relative underdevelopment. Not all dependency theorists, however, are marxist and one should clearly distinguish between dependency and a theory of imperialism. Dependency theory argues that modernization exploits both individuals within. The modernization theory claims that global inequality is due to technological and cultural differences between nations, while the dependency theory claims inequality is due to historical. Modernization and dependency theories flashcards quizlet. However, this paper will be focusing on the principal differences between the modernization theory and the dependency theory. The discourse pins hope on the african renaissance theory of development.
There is also dependency theory and globalization theory. Works cited introduction nowadays the rapid development of the word and the growing integration of countries can hardly fail to affect the development of new theories which attempt to explain the relationship between countries and the existing inequality between. Development and underdevelopment in the third world. A critique of modernization and dependency theories in. Skidmore and smith present two theories, modernization theory and dependency theory.
Thus, standard liberal theory sees women and development as part of an overall process of modernizationtechnology, the movement from a subsistence to a cash economy, and the development of complex organizations that increase the need for labor mobility. Important differences between modernization theory and dependency theory. Week dq 2 explain the difference between modernization theory, dependency theory, and world systems theory. The discourse assesses the influence of modernization and dependency theories on africas development. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Nov 01, 2016 if i got it right, these two are not exactly contrasting or contradictory. I pulled out the below from wiki, to show briefly, what these two essentially say. Facts vs theories the difference between facts and theories is that we can experiment and extract concrete data from facts.
Debates over modernity have been most prominent in the discipline of sociology, created in the nineteenth century specifically to. The conclusion is that both theories have failed to help develop africa. Essay about modernization and development theory 1529 words. Modernization theory is that positive material growth yields positive social equality. Modernization theory has received its fair share of criticism for being eurocentric. Does the human development approach represent a radical departure from both. This is probably the most widely quoted theoretical text on modernisation. While modernization theorists argue that capitalism is a rewards system and that inequalities have to be tolerated as a result of innovation, dependency theorists argue that capitalism does not develop evenly and is concentrated in core areas and that the development of core countries is linked to the underdevelopment of peripheral countries. Difference between modernisation theory and dependency. How to compare and contrast the modernization theory and the. In fact, differences between modernization theory and dependency theory result from the origin of dependency theory which, as it has been already mentioned above, was developed in response to modernization theory. If i got it right, these two are not exactly contrasting or contradictory.
Modernization theory claimed that once developing societies came into contact with western european and north american societies, they would be impelled toward modernization and, eventually, would achieve the economic, political, and social features characteristic of the nations of western europe and the united states. The difference between modernization theory and dependency theory is that one explains how developed states operate and grow, while the other explains the exact opposite. Comparison of dependency theory with modernization theory. Society for comparative studies in society and history. Pdf compare and contrast modernization and dependency. These two theories therefore characteristically contrast with one another. Worldsystems theory can be seen as a further development of dependency theory during the neoliberal era, with the theorist immanuel wallerstein being the primary theorist who advanced it. Modernization, dependency, rural underdevelopment, african renaissance. Modernization theory is a hypothesis used to clarify the procedure of modernization that a country experiences as it moves from a simple society to a modern one. Aug 23, 2008 in order to understand the most important differences between the modernization theory and the dependency theory, we must first understand what these theories mean.
Dependency theory developed in the context of latin america and its relationship to the global politicaleconomic system in the postwar era. First is modernization and it the theory of the process of social evolution and is the development of societies. The development of countries is vulnerable to the impact of multiple factors. Modernization and dependency theory essay example graduateway. May 14, 20 dependency theory key concepts in international relations series. Modernisation theory as a form of bastion against communism is not confronted as strongly as may be expected considering its economic viewpoint. Modernization theory, dependency theory and world systems. Modernization theory explains the progress and development of technology in more stable regions of the world. The practical premises of both are the same, as one should expect given that worldsystems theory is essentially building on top of and with dependency theory. Modernization theory and dependency theory are two development theories between which some difference can be identified. Pdf compare and contrast dependency and modernisation theories. Difference between modernisation theory and dependency theory. At the same time, the development of different countries has multiple theoretical explanations.
Parsons, smelser, levy, moore, hoselitz, bellah, eisenstadt sociopsychological theories of modernization. In fact, the modernization theory and the dependency theory focus on different aspects of the development of countries. In spite of existing similarities between modernization theory and dependency theory, differences between them are much more substantial and it is even possible to estimate that these theories are antagonistic in their views on the development of the world and international relationships, especially on the relationship between developed and. Difference between modernization theory and dependency theory. Modernisation and dependency are two theories that have their own terms for analysinginterpreting the causes of poverty and underdevelopment, and both provide different solutions in order to fix the problems.
This paper will discuss the modernization and dependency theories and how they have been modified in the course of time. In order to understand the most important differences between the modernization theory and the dependency theory, we must first understand what these theories mean. Naturally, this fact determined the principal difference between these theories, but, nevertheless, there are still certain similarities between modernization and. There are two levels of analysis in classical modernization theory. These theories are quite different but they give insight toward understanding the essence of the development of different countries. Modernization theory according to macionis 2010, the definition of modernization theory is a model of economic and social development that explains global inequality in terms of technological and cultural differences between nations. Free essays on dependency theory vs modernization theory. Nov 26, 2012 modernisation theory takes a holistic approach, contrasting with dependency theory that focuses on critiques of the political and economic features of modernisation and western development. Modernity and modernization oxford research encyclopedia. Compare and contrast modernisation theory and dependency. Neocolonialism, modernisation and dependency springerlink. This essay focuses on two related radical theories of development, dependency and worldsystems theory, and shows how they emerged as a critique partly of modernization theory and of the development strategy of import substitution industrialization.
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